The bones are the base that sustains our body, therefore, we must try that they stay in good state from the adolescence to take an active and healthful life when is greater. Otherwise, risk increases to develop osteoporosis, that is a bony disease that consists of the loss of the densidad and the quality of bone, and can suppose the beginning of other bony pathologies, even the fracture, problem that has serious consequences for the quality of life of the person.

The cases of osteoporosis are more and more frequent due to the aging of the population. In Spain, esteem that affects 3.5 million people, reason why constitutes a problem of public health of great magnitude by its prevalence.

It is more common in the woman, only little more of the 20 percent of the affected ones are men. The explanation is in that the woman owns less bony mass and, in addition, it has a very important hormonal change with the beginning of the menopause, and the bones are very sensible to hormones, causing that lose great amount of this mass.

According to the statistical data, almost half of the women majors of 50 years undergoes osteoporosis, therefore, the féminas that enter this stage of the life, must pay attention to their health and to attend the revisions recommended by the specialists, so that thus they can take outside precise a more exhaustive control if.


The best treatment: the precocious detection

One of the great problems of this disease is that it does not present/display symptoms in his beginning and, in many occasions, is arrived at the diagnosis after the appearance of one or several fractures, reason why the great majority (almost the 80 percent) of the people with greater vertebral or mainly nonvertebral risk of fractures, those that have had or a previous fracture, is not identified and tried. The experts insist on the importance of the precocious detection, since it is fundamental to begin to treat it the sooner to avoid a decrease of the health and quality of life of the patient and to secure to major therapeutic effectiveness.

The diagnosis of the osteoporosis is carried out by means of the accomplishment of a bony densitometría, a simple and nonpainful diagnostic test, that lasts about seven minutes and contributes the bony configuration of the patient. The person will be knocked down and over her an instrument similar to a scanner will go that will indicate the amount of calcium and other mineral presents in a section of the bone.

With this system, most effective than it exists until the moment, the medical professional it will be able to value if nonosteoporosis is suffered or and the risk of undergoing some fracture, reason why plays a basic role in the precocious detection of the disease. The problem is that, in spite of its importance, the bony densitometría is not within reach of all the patients because it is a test of high cost and, in addition, is shortage of apparatuses. This forces the sanitary professionals to make a selection of the patients who need to be put under this diagnostic test. The women have preference majors of 65 years or minors of that age, with some factor of risk. Also the men must pay attention majors of 50 years.

Factors of risk:

- A fracture in any O-Man woman of more than 50 years of age;
- Rheumatoid Arthritis, chronic renal disease or nourishing upheavals;
- Precocious Menopause (or by natural causes or surgery);
- Antecedent of hormonal treatment for cancer of the prostate or cancer of breast;
- Significant Loss of stature;
- Tobacco addiction;
- Antecedent strong relatives of osteoporosis;
- To take medecines every day corticosteroids (prednisona, metilprednisolona) by more than three months;
- To ingest three or the more spirit to the day majority of the days.
Therapeutic advances
The objective of the medical treatment is focused to paralyze the loss of bony mass in all the patients and groups of risk, to improve the densidad of the bone and to inhibit the fracture risk.

To day of today, the medical professionals count on an ample variety of pharmacological treatments, that will be prescribed of individualized form, according to the requirements of the patient.

The medication turns out effective to solve the bony degeneration, however, it does not stop itself to investigate in this field because it tries itself to obtain more advanced drugs, than allow the people to choose to a better state of health.

Even so, the farmacoterapia is not the unique factor that has importance. In order to prevent the appearance with this pathology and to diminish the complications associated, it is necessary that, next to the treatment prescribed by the specialist, a style of healthful life is acquired and suitable ones are carried out you rule dietetic.

Recommended foods

The foods that are consumed habitually contain an ample variety of vitamins, minerals and other important nutrients for the health but, to improve the resistance of the bones, mainly, are essential two components: calcium and vitamin D. “have been demonstrated that suitable levels of vitamin D and calcium reduce until in a 40 percent the possibilities of osteoporosis appearance�, assures doctor Manuel Diaz-Curiel, president of the Hispanic Foundation of Osteoporosis and Enfermedades Metabólicas Óseas (FHOEMO).

On the contrary, an inadequate level of these two substances can have serious consequences like the loss of bone, musculo-skeletal pain, muscular weakness, falls and fractures. The calcium can be acquired with relative facility by means of the diet, essentially, through milky products like milk, the cheese or yogurt. Nevertheless, besides his ingestion, also one is due to consider that is a correct absorption of this mineral; and in this function, vitamin D plays a role main. So that a good calcium absorption takes place, is necessary that suitable vitamin levels exist D but, according to the specialists, this is not so simple. Vitamin D is in few foods (oils of fish, livers, smoked sardines, tuna…) and, although also it has been specified that can be acquired by means of rays of the sun, that is to say, taking the sun during a quarter of an hour to the day, seems not to be sufficient. At present, esteem that practically the 60 percent of the greater population presents/displays an inadequate level of this vitamin.


Exercises that fortify the bones

According to Santiago Palaces, director of the Institute Palaces of the Woman, to walk, to trotar, to cycle and all the exercises that make work the lungs and the heart stimulate the bony mass. This expert affirms that “all those activities that favor that the muscle is contracted and stretches of the bone is a great stimulus for the bony mass, in addition, secure another type of healthful benefits psychologically�.

On the other hand, professor of Physical Activity and Salud of the European University of Madrid, Alfonso Jiménez, goes a little further on and explains that the force training improves all the chronic pathologies (metabolic upheavals, cardiovascular osteoporosis, risks, etc.) and obtains, in addition, in the case of the feminine population, that the risk of suffering osteoporosis is reduced until a 200 percent when falling sarcopenia, that is the loss of muscular mass, and osteopenia, or demineralization of the bone associated to the loss of muscular mass. “At the moment, the training of force with an intensity of moderate is recommended to discharge. One has seen that to take a walk it increases to the mineralization of the head of the femur a 3 percent, but three series with force training improve a 47 percent�, counts east expert.

Arrived east moment, the main thing is that the person stays activates, whatever activity that chooses. Although it is important to remember that “the exercise in the patients always must respect its group of symptoms and to adapt to the pain threshold whom they have�, emphasizes Jiménez.


Commitment with the treatment

In spite of the knowledge that are had at present of this disease, as much in the diagnosis as in the prevention and the treatment, the attitude of the affected person cannot be avoided.

The professionals complain which the patients do not take the medication well they leave and it before time with the consequences that can have for its health and quality of life, and insist on which the certainty in the treatment and the visit to the specialist for the control of the disease makes possible that the new and effective therapeutic options fulfill their assignment.

According to the specialists, generally, the people with osteoporosis are not brought back to consciousness of the disease, for that reason there is a therapeutic breach. These experts consider that to educate the patients, and to the society, in this disease it is fundamental to secure better results and of avoiding the abandonment of the therapy.

In comparison with other chronic diseases like the arterial hypertension, the diabetes 2 type or hipercolesterolemia, a greater proportion of patients with osteoporosis (surroundings to the 50 percent) leaves the medication in the first year. To this problem the bad therapeutic fulfillment is added that surpasses to the 50 percent.

These high rates of abandonment give rise to a great increase of the number of osteoporóticas fractures. Approximately, one of each three women and one of each five men majors of 50 years will undergo at least one fractures osteoporótica throughout their life. Most frequent they are those of spine, hip, wrist and chimney.


The risk of which a woman of greater western Europe of 50 years undergoes some of these fractures for the rest of life locates in the 46.4 percent. In the case of the men the risk ascends to the 22.4 percent. In the set of Europe they take place annually more than 2.7 million new fractures, one every 12 seconds.

In order to make against these statistics the experts they investigate new therapeutic innovations that improve the present effectiveness, with less indirect effect and with suitable regimes of dosage more and than they improve the fulfillment of the treatment, but even so the commitment of the people cannot be ignored who suffer the disease, because without his active and decisive position, it is not possible improvement some.


THE MUSCULAR MASS PROTECTS THE BONES

According to some studies, an index of corporal mass (IMC) lifted protects to men and women of the osteoporosis, whereas the thinness increases the probabilities of undergoing fractures in the bones by that disease. The idea that underlies to this theory defends that the weight extra of muscles estresa to the bones and stimulates the bony weave formation. However, this does not mean that to have overweight or obesity it prevents the osteoporosis, since these people which they have are greater amount of greasy mass, muscular nonmass; in fact, it has been verified that the people with more overweight have smaller and thin bones. The key is in the weight of muscles.


ISOFLAVONAS AGAINST THE LOSS OF BONY MASS

The loss of bony densidad is very related to the estrogen diminution that takes place during the menopause. In order to avoid the most frequent symptoms related by the hormonal imbalance, the women are resorting more and more to the fitoterapia or therapy with medicinal plants because these treatments have many benefits and few indirect effect. Concretely, to tackle these problems, most effective they are isoflavonas of soybean, that act replacing natural estrogens, avoiding the appearance of sofocos, cardiovascular perspiration, diseases and also of the osteoporosis. These products are in the pharmacies, but so that the treatment is effective the doses recommended by a specialist must be administered. The experts insist on which the medicinal plants are drugs and, like such, must take themselves under medical supervision, be respected the indications of the prospectus and make sure that they have the recognition of the Ministry of Health and Social Policy.